POSTSUPER(1) POSTSUPER(1)
NAME
postsuper - Postfix superintendent
SYNOPSIS
postsuper [-psv] [-c config_dir] [-d queue_id]
[-h queue_id] [-H queue_id]
[-r queue_id] [directory ...]
DESCRIPTION
The postsuper(1) command does maintenance jobs on the Postfix queue.
Use of the command is restricted to the superuser. See the
postqueue(1) command for unprivileged queue operations such as listing
or flushing the mail queue.
By default, postsuper(1) performs the operations requested with the -s
and -p command-line options on all Postfix queue directories - this
includes the incoming, active and deferred directories with mail files
and the bounce, defer, trace and flush directories with log files.
Options:
-c config_dir
The main.cf configuration file is in the named directory instead
of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG
environment setting below.
-d queue_id
Delete one message with the named queue ID from the named mail
queue(s) (default: hold, incoming, active and deferred).
If a queue_id of - is specified, the program reads queue IDs
from standard input. For example, to delete all mail with
exactly one recipient user@example.com:
mailq | tail +2 | grep -v ^ *( | awk BEGIN { RS = "" }
# $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2
{ if ($8 == "user@example.com" && $9 == "")
print $1 }
| tr -d *! | postsuper -d -
Specify -d ALL to remove all messages; for example, specify -d
ALL deferred to delete mail in the deferred queue. As a safety
measure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.
Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused. There is a very small
possibility that postsuper deletes the wrong message file when
it is executed while the Postfix mail system is delivering mail.
The scenario is as follows:
1) The Postfix queue manager deletes the message that post
super(1) is asked to delete, because Postfix is finished
with the message (it is delivered, or it is returned to
the sender).
2) New mail arrives, and the new message is given the same
queue ID as the message that postsuper(1) is supposed to
delete. The probability for reusing a deleted queue ID
is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different microsecond
values that the system clock can distinguish within a
second).
3) postsuper(1) deletes the new message, instead of the old
message that it should have deleted.
-h queue_id
Put mail "on hold" so that no attempt is made to deliver it.
Move one message with the named queue ID from the named mail
queue(s) (default: incoming, active and deferred) to the hold
queue.
If a queue_id of - is specified, the program reads queue IDs
from standard input.
Specify -h ALL to hold all messages; for example, specify -h ALL
deferred to hold mail in the deferred queue. As a safety mea
sure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.
Note: while mail is "on hold" it will not expire when its time
in the queue exceeds the maximal_queue_lifetime or
bounce_queue_lifetime setting. It becomes subject to expiration
after it is released from "hold".
-H queue_id
Release mail that was put "on hold". Move one message with the
named queue ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: hold) to
the deferred queue.
If a queue_id of - is specified, the program reads queue IDs
from standard input.
Note: use "postsuper -r" to release mail that was kept on hold
for a significant fraction of $maximal_queue_lifetime or
$bounce_queue_lifetime, or longer.
Specify -H ALL to release all mail that is "on hold". As a
safety measure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.
-p Purge old temporary files that are left over after system or
software crashes.
-r queue_id
Requeue the message with the named queue ID from the named mail
queue(s) (default: hold, incoming, active and deferred). To
requeue multiple messages, specify multiple -r command-line
options.
Alternatively, if a queue_id of - is specified, the program
reads queue IDs from standard input.
Specify -r ALL to requeue all messages. As a safety measure, the
word ALL must be specified in upper case.
A requeued message is moved to the maildrop queue, from where it
is copied by the pickup(8) and cleanup(8) daemons to a new queue
file. In many respects its handling differs from that of a new
local submission.
The message is not subjected to the smtpd_milters or
non_smtpd_milters settings. When mail has passed through
an external content filter, this would produce incorrect
results with Milter applications that depend on original
SMTP connection state information.
The message is subjected again to mail address rewriting
and substitution. This is useful when rewriting rules or
virtual mappings have changed.
The address rewriting context (local or remote) is the
same as when the message was received.
The message is subjected to the same content_filter set
tings (if any) as used for new local mail submissions.
This is useful when content_filter settings have changed.
Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused. There is a very small
possibility that postsuper(1) requeues the wrong message file
when it is executed while the Postfix mail system is running,
but no harm should be done.
-s Structure check and structure repair. This should be done once
before Postfix startup.
Rename files whose name does not match the message file
inode number. This operation is necessary after restoring
a mail queue from a different machine, or from backup
media.
Move queue files that are in the wrong place in the file
system hierarchy and remove subdirectories that are no
longer needed. File position rearrangements are neces
sary after a change in the hash_queue_names and/or
hash_queue_depth configuration parameters.
-v Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple -v
options make the software increasingly verbose.
DIAGNOSTICS
Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to syslogd(8).
postsuper(1) reports the number of messages deleted with -d, the number
of messages requeued with -r, and the number of messages whose queue
file name was fixed with -s. The report is written to the standard
error stream and to syslogd(8).
ENVIRONMENT
MAIL_CONFIG
Directory with the main.cf file.
BUGS
Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the maildrop queue)
cannot be placed "on hold".
CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant to this pro
gram. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See post
conf(5) for more details including examples.
config_directory (see postconf -d output)
The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf con
figuration files.
hash_queue_depth (1)
The number of subdirectory levels for queue directories listed
with the hash_queue_names parameter.
hash_queue_names (deferred, defer)
The names of queue directories that are split across multiple
subdirectory levels.
queue_directory (see postconf -d output)
The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
syslog_facility (mail)
The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
syslog_name (postfix)
The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in
syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post
fix/smtpd".
SEE ALSO
sendmail(1), Sendmail-compatible user interface
postqueue(1), unprivileged queue operations
LICENSE
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
AUTHOR(S)
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
POSTSUPER(1)
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