MYSQLBINLOG(1) MySQL Database System MYSQLBINLOG(1)
NAME
mysqlbinlog - utility for processing binary log files
SYNOPSIS
mysqlbinlog [options] log_file ...
DESCRIPTION
The binary log files that the server generates are written in binary
format. To examine these files in text format, use the mysqlbinlog
utility. You can also use mysqlbinlog to read relay log files written
by a slave server in a replication setup. Relay logs have the same
format as binary log files.
Invoke mysqlbinlog like this:
shell> mysqlbinlog [options] log_file ...
For example, to display the contents of the binary log file named
binlog.000003, use this command:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.0000003
The output includes all events contained in binlog.000003. Event
information includes the statement executed, the time the statement
took, the thread ID of the client that issued it, the timestamp when it
was executed, and so forth.
The output from mysqlbinlog can be re-executed (for example, by using
it as input to mysql) to reapply the statements in the log. This is
useful for recovery operations after a server crash. For other usage
examples, see the discussion later in this section.
Normally, you use mysqlbinlog to read binary log files directly and
apply them to the local MySQL server. It is also possible to read
binary logs from a remote server by using the --read-from-remote-server
option. When you read remote binary logs, the connection parameter
options can be given to indicate how to connect to the server. These
options are --host, --password, --port, --protocol, --socket, and
--user; they are ignored except when you also use the
--read-from-remote-server option.
Binary logs and relay logs are discussed further in Section 10.3, The
Binary Log, and Section 3.4, Replication Relay and Status Files.
mysqlbinlog supports the following options:
--help, -?
Display a help message and exit.
--character-sets-dir=path
The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 9.1,
The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting.
--database=db_name, -d db_name
List entries for just this database (local log only). You can only
specify one database with this option - if you specify multiple
--database options, only the last one is used. This option forces
mysqlbinlog to output entries from the binary log where the default
database (that is, the one selected by USE) is db_name. Note that
this does not replicate cross-database statements such as UPDATE
some_db.some_table SET foo=bar while having selected a different
database or no database.
--debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]
Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is often
d:t:o,file_name.
--disable-log-bin, -D
Disable binary logging. This is useful for avoiding an endless loop
if you use the --to-last-log option and are sending the output to
the same MySQL server. This option also is useful when restoring
after a crash to avoid duplication of the statements you have
logged.
This option requires that you have the SUPER privilege. It causes
mysqlbinlog to include a SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0 statement in its output
to disable binary logging of the remaining output. The SET statement
is ineffective unless you have the SUPER privilege.
--force-read, -f
With this option, if mysqlbinlog reads a binary log event that it
does not recognize, it prints a warning, ignores the event, and
continues. Without this option, mysqlbinlog stops if it reads such
an event.
--hexdump, -H
Display a hex dump of the log in comments. This output can be
helpful for replication debugging. Hex dump format is discussed
later in this section. This option was added in MySQL 5.0.16.
--host=host_name, -h host_name
Get the binary log from the MySQL server on the given host.
--local-load=path, -l path
Prepare local temporary files for LOAD DATA INFILE in the specified
directory.
--offset=N, -o N
Skip the first N entries in the log.
--password[=password], -p[password]
The password to use when connecting to the server. If you use the
short option form (-p), you cannot have a space between the option
and the password. If you omit the password value following the
--password or -p option on the command line, you are prompted for
one.
Specifying a password on the command line should be considered
insecure. See Section 7.6, Keeping Your Password Secure.
--port=port_num, -P port_num
The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a remote server.
--position=N, -j N
Deprecated. Use --start-position instead.
--protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}
The connection protocol to use.
--read-from-remote-server, -R
Read the binary log from a MySQL server rather than reading a local
log file. Any connection parameter options are ignored unless this
option is given as well. These options are --host, --password,
--port, --protocol, --socket, and --user.
--result-file=name, -r name
Direct output to the given file.
--set-charset=charset_name
Add a SET NAMES charset_name statement to the output to specify the
character set to be used for processing log files. This option was
added in MySQL 5.0.23.
--short-form, -s
Display only the statements contained in the log, without any extra
information.
--socket=path, -S path
For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on
Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.
--start-datetime=datetime
Start reading the binary log at the first event having a timestamp
equal to or later than the datetime argument. The datetime value is
relative to the local time zone on the machine where you run
mysqlbinlog. The value should be in a format accepted for the
DATETIME or TIMESTAMP data types. For example:
shell> mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2005-12-25 11:25:56" binlog.000003
This option is useful for point-in-time recovery. See Section 8.2,
Example Backup and Recovery Strategy.
--stop-datetime=datetime
Stop reading the binary log at the first event having a timestamp
equal or posterior to the datetime argument. This option is useful
for point-in-time recovery. See the description of the
--start-datetime option for information about the datetime value.
--start-position=N
Start reading the binary log at the first event having a position
equal to the N argument. This option applies to the first log file
named on the command line.
--stop-position=N
Stop reading the binary log at the first event having a position
equal or greater than the N argument. This option applies to the
last log file named on the command line.
--to-last-log, -t
Do not stop at the end of the requested binary log from a MySQL
server, but rather continue printing until the end of the last
binary log. If you send the output to the same MySQL server, this
may lead to an endless loop. This option requires
--read-from-remote-server.
--user=user_name, -u user_name
The MySQL username to use when connecting to a remote server.
--version, -V
Display version information and exit.
You can also set the following variable by using --var_name=value
syntax:
open_files_limit
Specify the number of open file descriptors to reserve.
It is also possible to set variables by using
--set-variable=var_name=value or -O var_name=value syntax. This syntax
is deprecated.
You can pipe the output of mysqlbinlog into the mysql client to execute
the statements contained in the binary log. This is used to recover
from a crash when you have an old backup (see Section 8.1, Database
Backups). For example:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 | mysql
Or:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.[0-9]* | mysql
You can also redirect the output of mysqlbinlog to a text file instead,
if you need to modify the statement log first (for example, to remove
statements that you do not want to execute for some reason). After
editing the file, execute the statements that it contains by using it
as input to the mysql program.
mysqlbinlog has the --start-position option, which prints only those
statements with an offset in the binary log greater than or equal to a
given position (the given position must match the start of one event).
It also has options to stop and start when it sees an event with a
given date and time. This enables you to perform point-in-time recovery
using the --stop-datetime option (to be able to say, for example, roll
forward my databases to how they were today at 10:30 a.m.).
If you have more than one binary log to execute on the MySQL server,
the safe method is to process them all using a single connection to the
server. Here is an example that demonstrates what may be unsafe:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 | mysql # DANGER!!
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000002 | mysql # DANGER!!
Processing binary logs this way using different connections to the
server causes problems if the first log file contains a CREATE
TEMPORARY TABLE statement and the second log contains a statement that
uses the temporary table. When the first mysql process terminates, the
server drops the temporary table. When the second mysql process
attempts to use the table, the server reports unknown table.
To avoid problems like this, use a single connection to execute the
contents of all binary logs that you want to process. Here is one way
to do so:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 binlog.000002 | mysql
Another approach is to write all the logs to a single file and then
process the file:
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000001 > /tmp/statements.sql
shell> mysqlbinlog binlog.000002 >> /tmp/statements.sql
shell> mysql -e "source /tmp/statements.sql"
mysqlbinlog can produce output that reproduces a LOAD DATA INFILE
operation without the original data file. mysqlbinlog copies the data
to a temporary file and writes a LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE statement that
refers to the file. The default location of the directory where these
files are written is system-specific. To specify a directory
explicitly, use the --local-load option.
Because mysqlbinlog converts LOAD DATA INFILE statements to LOAD DATA
LOCAL INFILE statements (that is, it adds LOCAL), both the client and
the server that you use to process the statements must be configured to
allow LOCAL capability. See Section 5.4, Security Issues with LOAD
DATA LOCAL.
Warning: The temporary files created for LOAD DATA LOCAL statements are
not automatically deleted because they are needed until you actually
execute those statements. You should delete the temporary files
yourself after you no longer need the statement log. The files can be
found in the temporary file directory and have names like
original_file_name-#-#.
The --hexdump option produces a hex dump of the log contents in
comments:
shell> mysqlbinlog --hexdump master-bin.000001
With the preceding command, the output might look like this:
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
# at 4
#051024 17:24:13 server id 1 end_log_pos 98
# Position Timestamp Type Master ID Size Master Pos Flags
# 00000004 9d fc 5c 43 0f 01 00 00 00 5e 00 00 00 62 00 00 00 00 00
# 00000017 04 00 35 2e 30 2e 31 35 2d 64 65 62 75 67 2d 6c |..5.0.15.debug.l|
# 00000027 6f 67 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |og..............|
# 00000037 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
# 00000047 00 00 00 00 9d fc 5c 43 13 38 0d 00 08 00 12 00 |.......C.8......|
# 00000057 04 04 04 04 12 00 00 4b 00 04 1a |.......K...|
# Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.0.15-debug-log created 051024 17:24:13
# at startup
ROLLBACK;
Hex dump output currently contains the following elements. This format
might change in the future.
Position: The byte position within the log file.
Timestamp: The event timestamp. In the example shown, 9d fc 5c 43
is the representation of 051024 17:24:13 in hexadecimal.
Type: The type of the log event. In the example shown, 0f means
that the example event is a FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT. The following
table lists the possible types.
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|Type | Name | Meaning |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|08 | CREATE_FILE_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA |
| | | INFILE statements. |
| | | This indicates |
| | | the |
| | | start of execution |
| | | of such a |
| | | statement. A |
| | | temporary |
| | | file is created on |
| | | the slave. Used in |
| | | MySQL |
| | | 4 only. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|09 | APPEND_BLOCK_EVENT | Contains data for use in a LOAD |
| | | DATA INFILE |
| | | statement. |
| | | The data is stored in the |
| | | temporary |
| | | file on |
| | | the slave. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0a | EXEC_LOAD_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA INFILE |
| | | statements. The contents of |
| | | the |
| | | temporary file is stored in the |
| | | table on the |
| | | slave. |
| | | Used in MySQL 4 only. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0b | DELETE_FILE_EVENT | Rollback of a LOAD DATA INFILE |
| | | statement. The |
| | | temporary |
| | | file should be deleted on slave. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0c | NEW_LOAD_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA INFILE in |
| | | MySQL 4 and earlier. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0d | RAND_EVENT | Used to send information about |
| | | random values if the |
| | | RAND() |
| | | function is used in the |
| | | statement. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0e | USER_VAR_EVENT | Used to replicate user |
| | | variables. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|0f | FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT | This indicates the start of a |
| | | log file written by MySQL 5 or |
| | | later. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|10 | XID_EVENT | Event indicating commit of an XA |
| | | transaction. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|11 | BEGIN_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA INFILE |
| | | statements in MySQL 5 and |
| | | later. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|00 | UNKNOWN_EVENT | This event should never be |
| | | present in the log. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|12 | EXECUTE_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA INFILE |
| | | statements in MySQL 5 and |
| | | later. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|13 | TABLE_MAP_EVENT | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|14 | WRITE_ROWS_EVENT | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|15 | UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|16 | DELETE_ROWS_EVENT | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|01 | START_EVENT_V3 | This indicates the start of a |
| | | log file written by MySQL 4 or |
| | | earlier. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|02 | QUERY_EVENT | The most common type of events. |
| | | These contain statements |
| | | executed on the |
| | | master. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|03 | STOP_EVENT | Indicates that master has |
| | | stopped. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|04 | ROTATE_EVENT | Written when the master switches |
| | | to a new log file. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|05 | INTVAR_EVENT | Used mainly for AUTO_INCREMENT |
| | | values and when the |
| | | LAST_INSERT_ID() |
| | | function is |
| | | used in |
| | | the statement. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|06 | LOAD_EVENT | Used for LOAD DATA INFILE in MySQL |
| | | 3.23. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|07 | SLAVE_EVENT | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
Master ID: The server id of the master that created the event.
Size: The size in bytes of the event.
Master Pos: The position of the event in the original master log
file.
Flags: 16 flags. Currently, the following flags are used. The others
are reserved for the future.
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
|Flag | Name | Meaning |
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
|01 | LOG_EVENT_BINLOG_IN_USE_F | Log file correctly |
| | | closed. (Used only |
| | | in |
| | | FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT.) |
| | | If |
| | | this |
| | | flag is set (if the |
| | | flags are, for |
| | | example, |
| | | 01 |
| | | 00) in a |
| | | FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT, |
| | | the |
| | | log |
| | | file has not been |
| | | properly closed. |
| | | Most |
| | | probably |
| | | this is because of |
| | | a master crash (for |
| | | example, |
| | | due to power |
| | | failure). |
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
|02 | | Reserved for future use. |
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
|04 | LOG_EVENT_THREAD_SPECIFIC_F | Set if the event is dependent on the connection |
| | | it was executed in (for |
| | | example, 04 00), for |
| | | example, |
| | | if the event uses |
| | | temporary tables. |
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
|08 | LOG_EVENT_SUPPRESS_USE_F | Set in some circumstances when the event is not |
| | | dependent on the default |
| | | database. |
+-----+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
The other flags are reserved for future use.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 1997-2006 MySQL AB
This documentation is NOT distributed under a GPL license. Use of this
documentation is subject to the following terms: You may create a
printed copy of this documentation solely for your own personal use.
Conversion to other formats is allowed as long as the actual content is
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Please email for more information.
SEE ALSO
msql2mysql(1), my_print_defaults(1), myisam_ftdump(1), myisamchk(1),
myisamlog(1), myisampack(1), mysql(1), mysql.server(1),
mysql_config(1), mysql_explain_log(1), mysql_fix_privilege_tables(1),
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql(1), mysql_upgrade(1), mysql_zap(1), mysqlaccess(1),
mysqladmin(1), mysqlcheck(1), mysqld(8), mysqld_multi(1),
mysqld_safe(1), mysqldump(1), mysqlhotcopy(1), mysqlimport(1),
mysqlmanager(8), mysqlshow(1), perror(1), replace(1), safe_mysqld(1)
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which
may already be installed locally and which is also available online at
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
MySQL AB (http://www.mysql.com/). This software comes with no
warranty.
MySQL 5.0 12/20/2006 MYSQLBINLOG(1)
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