MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1) mrtg MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1)
NAME
mrtg-nw-guide - MRTG for NetWare
SYNOPSIS
This guide is intended to aid in the installation and configuration of
MRTG on a NetWare server.
OVERVIEW
MRTG is a relative newcomer to the NetWare platform. Earlier versions
of NetWare could not run MRTG natively for several reasons:
Absence of NetWare OS support in the MRTG package.
A NetWare server commandline length limitation.
Absence of the Rateup executable (Rateup.nlm).
A standard installation method.
Problems with NetWares implementation of Perl.
Support for the NetWare OS has now been fully added into MRTG, begin
ning with MRTG release 2.12.2.
Liberallly minded operating systems support a commandline length
approaching 1000 characters. In such environments it was an easy matter
to pass the sometimes high number of parameters used by MRTGs Rateup
executable directly on the commandline. Until NetWare 6.5, NetWare had
a commandline limit of 512 characters. This limitation was also removed
for NetWare 6.0 by Service Pack 5. For other NetWare versions and ear
lier Service Packs, this limitation remains. To permit a standard
interface for NetWare, the Rateup executable has been modified to also
read its parameters from a file, and the MRTG script has been modified
to support this method on a NetWare platform. (See New Rateup Switch)
A Rateup NLM is now available, along with the necessary scripts to
build it if required. See the NetWare Support section of this document
for further details. Additionally, mrtg.pl has been revised because of
the unique (to NetWare) name of executables (NLM).
The absence of a specific installation procedure has caused MRTG to
fail in the past because the Perl script could not find or load the
Rateup executable. The installation method supplied here will solve
this problem for now.
The MRTG.pl script in the 2.12.2 (or later) version of MRTG has been
configured to suit all likely versions of NetWare able to use Perl5,
and bypasses all of the known problems with NetWare Perl running MRTG.
PREREQUISITES
You will need the following:
Perl 5.8.0 for NetWare with latest Perl Updates (February, 2005 or
later; previous versions MAY work)
NetWare 5.1 w/ SP8, NetWare 6.0 w/ SP5 or NetWare 6.5 w/ SP2.
A copy of the MRTG Package (v2.12.2 at time of writting)
Three .ncf files to execute the Perl scripts at the NetWare server
console.
A copy of the Rateup NLM (Pre-built or compiled)
Optionally, any NetWare supported Web Server (Netscape, Apache 1.3
or 2.0)
For copies of the .ncf files and Rateup NLM, see NetWare Support in
this document.
INSTALLING MRTG
1. Install the latest Perl 5.8.x release on your server. See the Perl
documentation for details.
2. Create the following directories:
SYS:/Mrtg
SYS:/Mrtg/bin
SYS:/Mrtg/contrib (Optional for this document)
SYS:/Mrtg/doc (Optional for this document)
SYS:/Mrtg/html
SYS:/Mrtg/html/images
SYS:/Mrtg/html/work
SYS:/Mrtg/lib
SYS:/Mrtg/logs
SYS:/Mrtg/translate
3. Copy from the MRTG package the following files:
\bin\* to SYS:/Mrtg/bin All files. See Note 1.
Note 1: Add a .pl extension to the mrtg, cfgmaker and indexmaker files.
The rateup.exe will NOT be needed on the NetWare server.
\contrib\* to SYS:/Mrtg/contrib/ Include sub-directories
\doc\* to SYS:/Mrtg/doc/ All files
\images\* to SYS:/Mrtg/html/images/ All files
\translate\* to SYS:/Mrtg/translate/ All files. See Note 2.
Note 2: For English-only language support, all \translate files EXCEPT Locales_mrtg may be deleted.
\lib\* to SYS:/Mrtg/lib Include sub-directories. See Note 3.
Note 3: This will create the SYS:/Mrtg/lib/mrtg2 and ./pod directories.
4. Create copies of the three .ncf files and install them:
*.ncf to SYS:/Mrtg/bin
See NetWare Support in this document for details on how to create
copies of these files.
5. See Compiling Rateup.nlm"> in this document for details on compil
ing the Rateup NLM yourself if desired. A prebuit verion is avail
able in the .\mrtg\bin directory where it must remain.
CONFIGURING MRTG
Refer to Novell documentation on configuring and loading SNMP sup
port on your server if this is the device to be monitored.
Edit sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgCfg.ncf:
- replace ccccc with the GET community name for the SNMP device (typically public),
- replace ddddd with the DNS name or IP address of the device to be monitored.
e.g public@www.myserver.com, public@10.202.65.180
Note 1: These are NOT mail addresses, they just look like one!
Note 2: If multiple devices are to be monitored, add their entries to the same line:
e.g perl cfgmaker.pl public@www.myserver.com public@10.202.65.180 > sys:/mrtg/bin/mrtg.cfg
In this "Getting Started", it is suggested to only monitor a sin
gle device.
At the server console, run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgCfg.ncf
This will create Mrtg.cfg in sys:/mrtg/bin.
Edit the Mrtg.cfg configuration file created in the previous step.
Note the following:
It was found, when testing MRTG on a NetWare 6.5 server using a NIC
Interface, that mrtg.cfg contained the following message:
### Interface 1 >> Descr: Intel(R)-8255x-based-Network-Connection...
### The following interface is commented out because:
### * has a speed of 0 which makes no sense
#
...
If this occurs, edit MakeMrtgCfg.ncf and add the following parame
ter as shown:
perl sys:\mrtg\bin\cfgmaker.pl --zero-speed=nnn public@10.202.65.180 > sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg
where nnn is the interface speed in bits per second. For a 100
Megabit LAN NIC, nnn = 10000000. It will be necessary to re-execute
the MakeMrtgCfg.ncf script before continuing with this section.
Below line 16 (*** Global Defaults), add:
HtmlDir: e.g HtmlDir: sys:/mrtg/html
ImageDir: e.g ImageDir: sys:/mrtg/html/work
LogDir: e.g LogDir: sys:/mrtg/logs
IconDir: e.g IconDir: ./images
Note 1
The HtmlDir entry specifies where MRTG will create its HTML
pages.
Note 2
The ImageDir entry specifies where the created graphic icons
are placed.
Note 3
The IconDir entry specifies where the supplied MRTG icons are
located. It MUST be a relative path from HtmlDir or absolute
URL. The value shown is recommended.
At the server console run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/RunMrtg.ncf
several times. By the third time it should run without showing
error messages on the console screen. This should create:
A HTML page in the (HtmlDir) directory for each monitored
device,
A .dat file in the (ImageDir) directory for each monitored
device,
Several .png icons in the (ImageDir) directory,
Some log file entries in the (LogDir) directory.
Note: If you experience a "Use of uninitialised value in split"
error, it will be necessary to create a Path environment variable
at the server console; use the following example
env path="SYS:\" (The actual value is immaterial, as long as the var itself exists.)
Edit sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgIndex.ncf. Change the indicated
shown in the following example to match the value entered for
(HtmlDir).
perl --noscreen sys:/mrtg/bin/indexmaker.pl sys:/mrtg/bin/Mrtg.cfg > /index.html
Create an index.html page linking the seperate device HTML page(s).
At the server console, run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgIndex.ncf
This will create index.html in the (HtmlDir) directory.
Optionally, configure a Web Server to permit access to the direc
tory specified in (HtmlDir) to view the MRTG graphs remotely, at,
for example:
http://ip_or_dns/mrtg/index.html
A sample configuration for an Apache Webserver is shown:
Alias /mrtg/ "SYS:/mrtg/html/"
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Set the property of the directory pointed to by (ImageDir), to
Purge Immediate.
Finally, read the MRTG documentation for much more detailed config
uration/usage information.
Welcome to MRTG!!
MAKE MRTG RUN ALL THE TIME
MRTG can be made to run periodically by at least two means:
Using CRON Scheduling
Running MRTG in Daemon Mode
CRON Scheduling
To use CRON scheduling, create a CRON Scheduler entry to execute the
RunMrtg.ncf file on a frequency appropriate for the server environment
and information desired. The following entry in the sys:\etc\crontab
file will execute MRTG every five minutes:
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * sys:\mrtg\bin\runmrtg.ncf
The CRON Scheduler (cron.nlm) can be started automatically by adding it
in AUTOEXEC.ncf or, manually loading it at the server console.
MRTG in Daemon Mode
Refer to the MRTG-Reference document for information about the RunAs
Daemon option. Its use is outside the scope of this document.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Read the MRTG documents, Perl documents or, finally, submit questions
to the MRTG User forums.
For NetWare specific issues, submit questions to the Perl forum at
news://developer-forums.novell.com/novell.devsup.perl (Novell Developer
Forums).
COMPILING RATEUP.NLM
In addition to the rateup.c and Makefile.Netware supplied with the MRTG
release, you will also need:
Metrowerks CodeWarrior with NetWare Support OR GCC Compiler (v3.0.3
or later) with NlmConv Utility
Novell LibC NDK (February 2004 or later)
GD Graphics Library (v2.0.33 or later)
LibPNG Graphics Library (v1.2.8 or later)
ZLib Library (v1.2.3 or later)
The get_ver.awk script
A copy of the GNU build tools. (See http://source
forge.net/projects/gnuwin32/)
The auxiliary libraries can be obtained from:
GD Graphics Library. (See http://www.boutell.com/gd/ )
PNG Graphics Library. (See http://libpng.sourceforge.net/ )
zLib Compression Library. (See http://www.gzip.org/zlib/ )
Edit the Makefile.Netware file as required to match your installation
paths; search the file for the key word Edit.
NETWARE SUPPORT
For copies of the NCF and get_ver.awk scripts, see Appendix.
For NetWare specific issues, submit questions to the Perl forum at
news://developer-forums.novell.com/novell.devsup.perl (Novell Developer
Forums).
To move the MRTG application to a volume other than SYS: you will need
to edit the NCF scripts provided plus the MRTG[.pl] script itself in
two places.
NEW RATEUP SWITCH
The MRTG[.pl] script, when used on a NetWare platform, uses
Rateup[.nlm] with the new commandline switch:
RATEUP -f filename
where the filename parameter can include a leading path element.
The file format is exactly the same as that used on the commandline by
other operating systems, including the leading path and name of the
Rateup NLM.
APPENDIX
The Appendix includes copies of the following files:
The NCF files used during MRTG configuration,
To create copies of these files, simply cut and paste into your
favourite text editor and save under their respective names. You
should remove the leading space from each line.
MakeMrtgCfg.NCF
# MakeMrtgCfg.NCF
# Purpose : Create the MRTG Configuration File
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# Edit this file and:
# Replace ccccc with your device GET SNMP Community Name - If unsure try public.
# Replace ddddd with your device IP (n.n.n.n) or domain name.
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\cfgmaker.pl ccccc@ddddd > sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg
#
# End of MakeMrtgCfg.NCF
RunMrtg.NCF
# RunMrtg.NCF
# Purpose : Run the MRTG Application
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# The paths are as per the examples recommended in "Getting Started".
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.pl sys:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.cfg
#
# End of RunMrtg.NCF
MakeMrtgIndex.NCF
# MakeMrtgIndex.NCF
# Purpose : Create the HTML Index File for MRTG HTML data pages
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# Note: Edit this file and change the redirected output to the location
# specified for HtmlDir or WorkDir. The sys:\apache2\htdocs\mrtg\index.html
# is based on the examples in "Getting Started".
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\indexmaker.pl sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg > sys:\mrtg\html\index.html
#
# End of MakeMrtgIndex.NCF
LICENSE
GNU General Public License
CREDITS
The MRTG for NetWare exists largely through the efforts of Guenter
Knauf and feedback from beta testers.
AUTHOR
Norm W..
2.14.7 2006-09-06 MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1)
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