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dpkg-source(1)			dpkg utilities			dpkg-source(1)



NAME
       dpkg-source,    dpkg-gencontrol,    dpkg-shlibdeps,    dpkg-genchanges,
       dpkg-buildpackage,  dpkg-distaddfile,  dpkg-parsechangelog   -	Debian
       source package tools

SYNOPSIS
       dpkg-source -x filename.dsc [output-directory]
       dpkg-source -b [options] directory [orig-directory|orig-targz|]
       dpkg-gencontrol [options]
       dpkg-shlibdeps options
       dpkg-genchanges [options]
       dpkg-buildpackage [options]
       dpkg-distaddfile [options] filename section priority
       dpkg-parsechangelog [options]

DESCRIPTION
       dpkg-source packs and unpacks Debian source archives.

       dpkg-gencontrol	reads  information from an unpacked Debian source tree
       and  generates  a  binary  package  control  file  (which  defaults  to
       debian/tmp/DEBIAN/control);  it also adds an entry for the binary pack
       age to debian/files.

       dpkg-shlibdeps calculates shared library dependencies  for  executables
       named  in its arguments. The dependencies are added to the substitution
       variables file debian/substvars as  variable  names  shlibs:dependency
       field where dependencyfield is a dependency field name. Any other vari
       ables starting shlibs: are removed from the file.  dpkg-shlibdeps  will
       read  shared  library  dependency information from debian/shlibs.local,
       /etc/dpkg/shlibs.override, the shlibs control area file of the  package
       containing  the	file  which  objdump reports as satisfying the library
       dependency, or /etc/dpkg/shlibs.default.  The first match will be used.
       The  format  for a shared library dependency information entry in these
       files is (see the Debian Policy Manual for details):
       	     	     

       dpkg-genchanges reads information from an  unpacked  and  built	Debian
       source  tree and from the files it has generated and generates a Debian
       upload control file (.changes file).

       dpkg-buildpackage is a control script which can be used to  help  auto
       mate the building of a package.

       dpkg-distaddfile adds an entry for a named file to debian/files.

       dpkg-parsechangelog  reads  and	parses	the  changelog	of an unpacked
       Debian source tree and outputs the information in it to standard output
       in a machine-readable form.

       None  of these commands allow multiple options to be combined into one,
       and they do not allow the value for an option to be specified in a sep
       arate argument.

COMMON OPTIONS
       Many  of  these	programs  share  options;  these  are  described here,
       together with the programs that accept them.

       -h,--help
	      Display the particular programs usage message, including a syn
	      opsis  of the options it understands.  This option is understood
	      by all the source package tools.

       --version
	      Display the particular programs  version,  including  copyright
	      and  license  information.  This option is understood by all the
	      source package tools.

       -vversion
	      In dpkg-buildpackage,  dpkg-genchanges  and  dpkg-parsechangelog
	      this  causes  changelog  information  from all versions strictly
	      later than version to be used.

	      In dpkg-gencontrol it sets the  version  number  of  the	binary
	      package which will be generated.

       -Cchangesdescription
	      Read  the  description  of  the changes from the file changesde
	      scription rather than using  the	information  from  the	source
	      trees  changelog	file. This is understood by dpkg-buildpackage
	      and dpkg-genchanges.

       -mmaintaineraddress
	      Use maintaineraddress as the name and email address of the main
	      tainer  for this package, rather than using the information from
	      the  source  trees  control  file.   This  is   understood   by
	      dpkg-buildpackage and dpkg-genchanges.

       -emaintaineraddress
	      Use maintaineraddress as the name and email address of the main
	      tainer for this upload, rather than using the  information  from
	      the  source trees changelog.  This is understood by dpkg-build
	      package and dpkg-genchanges.

       -si, -sa, -sd
	      These options control whether the  original  source  archive  is
	      included	 in  the  upload  generated  by  dpkg-buildpackage  or
	      dpkg-genchanges if any source is being generated (i.e., -b or -B
	      havent been used).

	      By  default, or if -si is specified, the original source will be
	      included if the version number ends in -0 or  -1,  i.e.  if  the
	      Debian revision part of the version number is 0 or 1.

	      -sa  forces the inclusion of the original source; -sd forces its
	      exclusion and includes only the diff.

       -Vname=value
	      Set an output substitution variable.  This option is  understood
	      by  dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.  See below
	      for a discussion of output substitution.

       -Tsubstvarsfile
	      Read (or, for dpkg-shlibdeps, write) substitution  variables  in
	      substvarsfile;  the default is debian/substvars.	This option is
	      understood by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol,  dpkg-shlibdeps  and
	      dpkg-genchanges.

       -Dfield=value
	      Override	or  add  an output control file field.	This option is
	      understood by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and  dpkg-genchanges.

       -Ufield
	      Remove  an output control file field.  This option is understood
	      by dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -b|-B|-S
	      For dpkg-genchanges and dpkg-buildpackage -b and -B specify that
	      a  binary-only  build  is  taking  place.   -b indicates that no
	      source files are to be built and/or distributed, and -B that  no
	      architecture-independent	binary	package  files	are to be dis
	      tributed either.	-S specifies that only the  source  should  be
	      uploaded and no binary packages need to be made. The distinction
	      between -b and -B is only used by  dpkg-buildpackage;  dpkg-gen
	      changes  just  produces  a .changes file for whatever files were
	      produced by the binary-* target(s) of the package being built.

	      -b tells dpkg-source to build a source package (rather  than  to
	      extract one) - see below.

       -ccontrolfile
	      Specifies the main source control file to read information from.
	      The default is debian/control.  This  option  is	understood  by
	      dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -lchangelogfile
	      Specifies  the  change  log  file  to read information from. The
	      default is  debian/changelog.   This  option  is	understood  by
	      dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-genchanges.

       -ffileslistfile
	      Read or write the list of files to be uploaded here, rather than
	      using debian/files.  This option is understood  by  dpkg-gencon
	      trol, dpkg-genchanges and dpkg-distaddfile.

       -Fchangelogformat
	      Specifies  the format of the changelog. By default the format is
	      read from a special line near the bottom	of  the  changelog  or
	      failing  that  defaults  to  the	debian	standard format.  This
	      option  is  understood  by  dpkg-source,	 dpkg-gencontrol   and
	      dpkg-genchanges.

       -W     This option turns certain errors into warnings. Only dpkg-source
	      uses this, but dpkg-buildpackage recognizes it,  and  passes  it
	      thru to dpkg-source.

       -E     This  option  negates a previously set -W.  It is currently only
	      understood by dpkg-buildpackage and dpkg-source.

dpkg-SOURCE OPTIONS
       When the common options -c and -l are  given  with  relative  pathnames
       these  are  interpreted	starting at the source trees top level direc
       tory.

       -x     Extract a source package. One non-option argument must  be  sup
	      plied,  the  name  of the Debian source control file (.dsc).  An
	      optional second non-option argument may be supplied  to  specify
	      the  directory  to  extract the source package to, this must not
	      exist. If no output directory is specified, the  source  package
	      is  extracted  into  a directory named source-version- under the
	      current working directory.

	      No options are useful with  dpkg-source  -x.   dpkg-source  will
	      read the names of the other file(s) making up the source package
	      from the control file; they are assumed to be in the same direc
	      tory as the .dsc.

	      The  files  in the extracted package will have their permissions
	      and ownerships set to those which would have  been  expected  if
	      the  files and directories had simply been created - directories
	      and executable files will be 0777 and plain files will be  0666,
	      both  modified by the extractors umask; if the parent directory
	      is setgid then the extracted directories will be	too,  and  all
	      the files and directories will inherit its group ownership.

       -b     Build:  pack  up	a source tree. One or two non-option arguments
	      should be supplied. The first is taken as the name of the direc
	      tory  containing	the unpacked source tree. If a second argument
	      is supplied it should be the name of the original source	direc
	      tory  or tarfile or the empty string if the package is a Debian-
	      specific one and so has no Debianisation	diffs.	If  no	second
	      argument is supplied then dpkg-source will look for the original
	      source tarfile package_upstream-version.orig.tar.gz or the orig
	      inal  source  directory  directory.orig  or the empty string (no
	      original source, and so no diff) depending on the arguments.

       -i[]
	      You may specify a perl regular expression  to  match  files  you
	      want  filtered out of the list of files for the diff. (This list
	      is generated by a  find  command.)  -i  by  itself  enables  the
	      option,  with  a	default that will filter out control files and
	      directories of the most common revision control systems,	backup
	      and swap files and Libtool build output directories.

	      This  is	very  helpful in cutting out extraneous files that get
	      included	in  the   .diff.gz,   (eg:   "debian/BUGS_TODO/*"   or
	      "debian/RCS/*,v").  For instance, if you maintain a package that
	      you track via remote CVS, where you dont	have  access  permis
	      sions  for  committing  the debian control files and making tags
	      for cvs-buildpackage(1), it is necessary	to  perform  an  extra
	      checkout/update  into a directory you keep pristine, to generate
	      the .orig.tar.gz from.  That  directory  will  have  CVS/Entries
	      files  in  it  that will contain timestamps that differ from the
	      ones in your working directory, thus causing them to be unneces
	      sarily included in every .diff.gz, unless you use the -i switch.

       -I
	      If this option is specified, the	filename  will	be  passed  to
	      tars   --exclude	option	when  it  is  called  to  generate  a
	      .orig.tar.gz or .tar.gz file. For example, -ICVS will  make  tar
	      skip  over  CVS  directories when generating a .tar.gz file. The
	      option may be repeated multiple times to list multiple filenames
	      to exclude.

       -sa,-sp,-su,-sk,-sA,-sP,-sU,-sK,-ss with -b
	      If  -sk  or  -sp	is  specified dpkg-source expects the original
	      source  as   a   tarfile,   by   default	 package_upstream-ver
	      sion.orig.tar.gz.   It  will leave this original source in place
	      as a tarfile, or copy it to the current directory  if  it  isnt
	      already  there  If -sp is used rather than -sk it will remove it
	      again afterwards.

	      If -su or -sr is specified the original source is expected as  a
	      directory,    by	 default   package-upstream-version.orig   and
	      dpkg-source will create a new original source archive  from  it.
	      If  -sr  is used dpkg-source will remove that directory after it
	      has been used.

	      If -ss is specified dpkg-source will expect  that  the  original
	      source  is  available  both  as a directory and as a tarfile. If
	      will use the directory to create the diff, but  the  tarfile  to
	      create  the  .dsc.   This option must be used with care - if the
	      directory and tarfile do not match a bad source archive will  be
	      generated.

	      If  -sn  is specified dpkg-source will not look for any original
	      source, and will not generate a diff.  The second  argument,  if
	      supplied, must be the empty string. This is used for Debian-spe
	      cific packages which do not have a separate upstream source  and
	      therefore have no debianisation diffs.

	      If  -sa or -sA is specified dpkg-source will look for the origi
	      nal source archive as a tarfile or as a directory -  the	second
	      argument,  if  any,  may be either, or the empty string (this is
	      equivalent to using -sn).  If a tarfile is found it will	unpack
	      it  to create the diff and remove it afterwards (this is equiva
	      lent to -sp); if a directory is found it will pack it to	create
	      the original source and remove it afterwards (this is equivalent
	      to -sr); if neither is found it will assume that the package has
	      no  debianisation  diffs,  only a straightforward source archive
	      (this is equivalent to -sn).  If both are found then dpkg-source
	      will  ignore the directory, overwriting it, if -sA was specified
	      (this is equivalent to -sP) or raise an error if -sa was	speci
	      fied.  -sA is the default.

	      -sa,  -sp, -sk, -su and -sr will not overwrite existing tarfiles
	      or directories. If this is desired then -sA, -sP, -sK,  -sU  and
	      -sR should be used instead.

       -sp,-su,-sn with -x
	      In  all cases any existing original source tree will be removed.

	      If -sp is used when extracting then the original source (if any)
	      will  be	left as a tarfile. If it is not already located in the
	      current directory or if an existing but different file is  there
	      it will be copied there.	This is the default.

	      -su unpacks the original source tree.

	      -sn  ensures  that  the original source is neither copied to the
	      current directory nor unpacked. Any original  source  tree  that
	      was in the current directory is still removed.

       All  the  -sX  options are mutually exclusive. If you specify more than
       one only the last one will be used.

dpkg-GENCONTROL OPTIONS
       dpkg-gencontrol does not take any non-option arguments.

       -ppackage
	      Generate information for the binary  package  package.   If  the
	      source  control  file  lists  only  one binary package then this
	      option may be omitted; otherwise it is essential to select which
	      binary packages information to generate.

       -nfilename
	      Assume  the  filename of the package will be filename instead of
	      the normal package_version_arch.deb filename.

       -is, -ip, -isp
	      These options are ignored for compatibility with older  versions
	      of dpkg-dev but are now deprecated. Previously they were used to
	      tell dpkg-gencontrol to include the Section and Priority	fields
	      in  the  control file. This is now the default behaviour. If you
	      want to get the old behaviour you  can  use  the	-U  option  to
	      delete the fields from the control file.

       -Ppackagebuilddir
	      Tells  dpkg-source  that	the package is being built in package
	      builddir instead of debian/tmp.  This value is used to find  the
	      default  value  of  the Installed-Size substitution variable and
	      control file field (using du), and for the default  location  of
	      the output file.

       -O     Causes the control file to be printed to standard output, rather
	      than    to    debian/tmp/DEBIAN/control	 (or	 packagebuild
	      dir/DEBIAN/control if -P was used).

dpkg-SHLIBDEPS OPTIONS
       dpkg-shlibdeps  interprets  non-option  arguments  as executable names,
       just as if theyd been supplied as -eexecutable.

       -eexecutable
	      Include  dependencies  appropriate  for  the  shared   libraries
	      required by executable.

       -ddependencyfield
	      Add  dependencies  to  be  added	to the control file dependency
	      field dependencyfield.  (The dependencies  for  this  field  are
	      placed in the variable shlibs:dependencyfield.)

	      The  -ddependencyfield  option  takes effect for all executables
	      after the option, until the next -ddependencyfield.  The default
	      dependencyfield is Depends.

	      If the same dependency entry (or set of alternatives) appears in
	      more  than  one  of  the	recognised  dependency	 field	 names
	      Pre-Depends,  Depends,  Recommends,  Enhances  or  Suggests then
	      dpkg-shlibdeps will automatically remove the dependency from all
	      fields  except the one representing the most important dependen
	      cies.

       -pvarnameprefix
	      Causes  substitution  variables  to  start  with	varnameprefix:
	      instead  of  shlibs:.  Likewise, any existing substitution vari
	      ables starting with varnameprefix:  (rather  than  shlibs:)  are
	      removed from the the substitution variables file.

       -Llocalshlibsfile
	      Causes  dpkg-shlibdeps  to read overriding shared library depen
	      dency    information    from    localshlibsfile	 instead    of
	      debian/shlibs.local.

       -O     Causes the substitution variable settings to be printed to stan
	      dard output, rather than being added to the  substitution  vari
	      ables file (debian/substvars by default).

       -ttype Causes dpkg-shlibdeps to prefer shared library dependency infor
	      mation tagged for the given package type. If no tagged  informa
	      tion  is	available,  falls  back  to  untagged information. The
	      default package type is "deb". Shared library dependency	infor
	      mation  is tagged for a given type by prefixing it with the name
	      of the type, a colon, and whitespace.

dpkg-GENCHANGES OPTIONS
       dpkg-genchanges does not take any non-option arguments.

       -uuploadfilesdir
	      Look for the files to be uploaded in uploadfilesdir rather  than
	      ..   (dpkg-genchanges  needs  to find these files so that it can
	      include their sizes and checksums in the .changes file).

       -q     Usually dpkg-genchanges will  produce  informative  messages  on
	      standard	error,	for  example  about  how many of the packages
	      source files are being uploaded.	-q suppresses these  messages.

dpkg-BUILDPACKAGE OPTIONS
       dpkg-buildpackage does not take any non-option arguments.

       -kkey-id
	      Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages.

       -rgain-root-command
	      When  dpkg-buildpackage  needs to execute part of the build pro
	      cess as root, it prefixes the command  it  executes  with  gain-
	      root-command  if	one  has  been	specified.   gain-root-command
	      should be the name of a program on the  PATH  and  will  get  as
	      arguments  the name of the real command to run and the arguments
	      it should take.  gain-root-command should not contain spaces  or
	      any  other  shell metacharacters.  gain-root-command might typi
	      cally be fakeroot, sudo, super or really.  su is	not  suitable,
	      since  it requires a -c option to run a command and even then it
	      can only invoke the users shell  with  -c  instead  of  passing
	      arguments individually to the command to be run.

       -psign-command
	      When  dpkg-buildpackage  needs  to  execute GPG or PGP to sign a
	      source control (.dsc) file or a .changes file it will run  sign-
	      command (searching the PATH if necessary) instead of pgp.  sign-
	      command will get all the arguments that pgp would  have  gotten.
	      If  sign-command	takes  its  arguments  in  GPG rather than PGP
	      style, you should give the -sgpg	option.   sign-command	should
	      not contain spaces or any other shell metacharacters.

       -tc    Clean  the  source  tree	(using	gain-root-command debian/rules
	      clean) after the package has been built.

       -us, -uc
	      Do not sign the source package or  the  .changes	file,  respec
	      tively.

       -aarchitecture
	      Specify  the  Debian architecture we build for. The architecture
	      of the machine we build on is determined automatically,  and  is
	      also the default for the host machine.

       -i[]
	      Passed unchanged to dpkg-source.

       -I
	      Passed  unchanged  to  dpkg-source.   May  be  repeated multiple
	      times.

       -D     Check build dependencies and conflicts; abort if unsatisfied.

       -d     Do not check build dependencies and conflicts.

       -nc    Do not clean the source tree(implies -b).

dpkg-DISTADDFILE ARGUMENTS
       dpkg-distaddfile does not take any non-common options. It  takes  three
       non-option arguments, the filename and the section and priority for the
       .changes file.

       The filename should  be	specified  relative  to  the  directory  where
       dpkg-genchanges	will expect to find the files, usually .., rather than
       being a pathname relative  to  the  current  directory  when  dpkg-dis
       taddfile is run.

dpkg-PARSECHANGELOG ARGUMENTS
       dpkg-parsechangelog  does not take any non-common options or non-option
       arguments.

VARIABLE SUBSTITUTION
       Before dpkg-source, dpkg-gencontrol  and  dpkg-genchanges  write  their
       control	information  (to  the source control file .dsc for dpkg-source
       and to standard output for dpkg-gencontrol  and	dpkg-genchanges)  they
       perform some variable substitutions on the output file.

       A  variable substitution has the form ${variable-name}.	Variable names
       consist of alphanumerics, hyphens and colons and start with an alphanu
       meric.  Variable  substitutions are performed repeatedly until none are
       left; the full text of the field after the substitution is rescanned to
       look for more substitutions.

       After  all  the	substitutions  have  been  done each occurrence of the
       string ${} (which is not a legal substitution) is  replaced  with  a  $
       sign.

       Variables can be set using the -V common option. They can be also spec
       ified in the file debian/substvars (or whatever other file is specified
       using  the  -T  option).  This  file  consists  of  lines  of  the form
       name=value.  Trailing whitespace on each line, blank lines,  and  lines
       starting with a # symbol (comments) are ignored.

       Additionally, the following standard variables are available:

       Arch   The current build architecture (from dpkg --print-architecture).

       source:Version
	      The source package version.

       source:Upstream-Version
	      The upstream source package version, including the  Debian  ver
	      sion epoch if any.

       binary:Version
	      The binary package version (which may differ from source:Version
	      in a binNMU for example).

       Source-Version
	      The source package version (from the changelog file). This vari
	      able  is	now  deprecated  as  its meaning is different from its
	      function, please use the	source:Version	or  binary:Version  as
	      appropriate.

       Installed-Size
	      The  total  size of the packages installed files. This value is
	      copied into the corresponding control  file  field;  setting  it
	      will  modify the value of that field. If this variable isnt set
	      dpkg-gencontrol will use du -k debian/tmp to  find  the  default
	      value.

       Extra-Size
	      Additional  disk	space  used  when the package is installed. If
	      this variable  is  set  its  value  is  added  to  that  of  the
	      Installed-Size  variable	(whether  set  explicitly or using the
	      default value) before it is copied into the Installed-Size  con
	      trol file field.

       F:fieldname
	      The  value of the output field fieldname (which must be given in
	      the canonical capitalisation). Setting these  variables  has  no
	      effect  other than on places where they are expanded explicitly.

       Format The .changes file format version generated by  this  version  of
	      the  source packaging scripts. If you set this variable the con
	      tents of the Format field in the .changes file will change  too.

       Newline, Space, Tab
	      These variables each hold the corresponding character.

       shlibs:dependencyfield
	      Variable	settings  with	names  of  this  form are generated by
	      dpkg-shlibdeps - see above.

       dpkg:Upstream-Version
	      The upstream version of dpkg.

       dpkg:Version
	      The full version of dpkg.

       If a variable is referred to but not defined it generates a warning and
       an empty value is assumed.

FILES
       debian/control
	      The  main  source control information file, giving version-inde
	      pendent information about the  source  package  and  the	binary
	      packages it can produce.

       debian/changelog
	      The changelog file, used to obtain version-dependent information
	      about the source package, such as the urgency  and  distribution
	      of  an  upload, the changes made since a particular release, and
	      the source version number itself.

       debian/files
	      The list of generated files which are part of the  upload  being
	      prepared.  dpkg-gencontrol adds the presumed filenames of binary
	      packages whose control files it generates here; dpkg-distaddfile
	      can  be used to add additional files.  dpkg-genchanges reads the
	      data here when producing a .changes file.

       debian/substvars
	      List of substitution variables and values.

       debian/shlibs.local
	      Package-local overriding shared library dependency  information.

       /etc/dpkg/shlibs.override
	      Per-system overriding shared library dependency information.

       /etc/dpkg/shlibs.default
	      Per-system default shared library dependency information.

BUGS
       The point at which field overriding occurs compared to certain standard
       output field settings is rather confused.

       The binary package entries in the  debian/files	file  will  be	passed
       through variable substitution twice. This should not matter, since $, {
       and } are not legal in package names or version numbers.

       It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters in and
       initial arguments for gain-root-command and sign-command.

SEE ALSO
       dpkg-deb(1), dpkg(1), dselect(1), gpg(1), pgp(1).

AUTHOR
       The utilities and this manpage were written by Ian Jackson.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Ian Jackson
       Copyright (C) 2000 Wichert Akkerman
       This  is free software; see the GNU General Public Licence version 2 or
       later   for   copying   conditions.   There   is   NO   WARRANTY.   See
       /usr/share/doc/dpkg/copyright  and  /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL  for
       details.



Debian Project			  2006-05-23			dpkg-source(1)




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