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AS(1)			     GNU Development Tools			 AS(1)



NAME
       AS - the portable GNU assembler.

SYNOPSIS
       as [-a[cdhlns][=file]] [--alternate] [-D]
	[--defsym sym=val] [-f] [-g] [--gstabs]
	[--gstabs+] [--gdwarf-2] [--help] [-I dir] [-J]
	[-K] [-L] [--listing-lhs-width=NUM]
	[--listing-lhs-width2=NUM] [--listing-rhs-width=NUM]
	[--listing-cont-lines=NUM] [--keep-locals] [-o
	objfile] [-R] [--reduce-memory-overheads] [--statistics]
	[-v] [-version] [--version] [-W] [--warn]
	[--fatal-warnings] [-w] [-x] [-Z] [@FILE]
	[--target-help] [target-options]
	[--|files ...]

       Target Alpha options:
	  [-mcpu]
	  [-mdebug | -no-mdebug]
	  [-relax] [-g] [-Gsize]
	  [-F] [-32addr]

       Target ARC options:
	  [-marc[5|6|7|8]]
	  [-EB|-EL]

       Target ARM options:
	  [-mcpu=processor[+extension...]]
	  [-march=architecture[+extension...]]
	  [-mfpu=floating-point-format]
	  [-mfloat-abi=abi]
	  [-meabi=ver]
	  [-mthumb]
	  [-EB|-EL]
	  [-mapcs-32|-mapcs-26|-mapcs-float|
	   -mapcs-reentrant]
	  [-mthumb-interwork] [-k]

       Target CRIS options:
	  [--underscore | --no-underscore]
	  [--pic] [-N]
	  [--emulation=criself | --emulation=crisaout]
	  [--march=v0_v10   |	--march=v10   |   --march=v32  |  --march=com
       mon_v10_v32]

       Target D10V options:
	  [-O]

       Target D30V options:
	  [-O|-n|-N]

       Target i386 options:
	  [--32|--64] [-n]

       Target i960 options:
	  [-ACA|-ACA_A|-ACB|-ACC|-AKA|-AKB|
	   -AKC|-AMC]
	  [-b] [-no-relax]

       Target IA-64 options:
	  [-mconstant-gp|-mauto-pic]
	  [-milp32|-milp64|-mlp64|-mp64]
	  [-mle|mbe]
	  [-mtune=itanium1|-mtune=itanium2]
	  [-munwind-check=warning|-munwind-check=error]
	  [-mhint.b=ok|-mhint.b=warning|-mhint.b=error]
	  [-x|-xexplicit] [-xauto] [-xdebug]

       Target IP2K options:
	  [-mip2022|-mip2022ext]

       Target M32C options:
	  [-m32c|-m16c]

       Target M32R options:
	  [--m32rx|--[no-]warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts|
	  --W[n]p]

       Target M680X0 options:
	  [-l] [-m68000|-m68010|-m68020|...]

       Target M68HC11 options:
	  [-m68hc11|-m68hc12|-m68hcs12]
	  [-mshort|-mlong]
	  [-mshort-double|-mlong-double]
	  [--force-long-branchs] [--short-branchs]
	  [--strict-direct-mode] [--print-insn-syntax]
	  [--print-opcodes] [--generate-example]

       Target MCORE options:
	  [-jsri2bsr] [-sifilter] [-relax]
	  [-mcpu=[210|340]]

       Target MIPS options:
	  [-nocpp] [-EL] [-EB] [-O[optimization level]]
	  [-g[debug level]] [-G num] [-KPIC] [-call_shared]
	  [-non_shared] [-xgot]
	  [-mabi=ABI] [-32] [-n32] [-64] [-mfp32] [-mgp32]
	  [-march=CPU] [-mtune=CPU] [-mips1] [-mips2]
	  [-mips3] [-mips4] [-mips5] [-mips32] [-mips32r2]
	  [-mips64] [-mips64r2]
	  [-construct-floats] [-no-construct-floats]
	  [-trap] [-no-break] [-break] [-no-trap]
	  [-mfix7000] [-mno-fix7000]
	  [-mips16] [-no-mips16]
	  [-mips3d] [-no-mips3d]
	  [-mdmx] [-no-mdmx]
	  [-mdsp] [-mno-dsp]
	  [-mmt] [-mno-mt]
	  [-mdebug] [-no-mdebug]
	  [-mpdr] [-mno-pdr]

       Target MMIX options:
	  [--fixed-special-register-names] [--globalize-symbols]
	  [--gnu-syntax] [--relax] [--no-predefined-symbols]
	  [--no-expand] [--no-merge-gregs] [-x]
	  [--linker-allocated-gregs]

       Target PDP11 options:
	  [-mpic|-mno-pic] [-mall] [-mno-extensions]
	  [-mextension|-mno-extension]
	  [-mcpu] [-mmachine]

       Target picoJava options:
	  [-mb|-me]

       Target PowerPC options:
	  [-mpwrx|-mpwr2|-mpwr|-m601|-mppc|-mppc32|-m603|-m604|
	   -m403|-m405|-mppc64|-m620|-mppc64bridge|-mbooke|
	   -mbooke32|-mbooke64]
	  [-mcom|-many|-maltivec] [-memb]
	  [-mregnames|-mno-regnames]
	  [-mrelocatable|-mrelocatable-lib]
	  [-mlittle|-mlittle-endian|-mbig|-mbig-endian]
	  [-msolaris|-mno-solaris]

       Target SPARC options:
	  [-Av6|-Av7|-Av8|-Asparclet|-Asparclite
	   -Av8plus|-Av8plusa|-Av9|-Av9a]
	  [-xarch=v8plus|-xarch=v8plusa] [-bump]
	  [-32|-64]

       Target TIC54X options:
	[-mcpu=54[123589]|-mcpu=54[56]lp] [-mfar-mode|-mf]
	[-merrors-to-file |-me ]

       Target Z80 options:
	 [-z80] [-r800]
	 [ -ignore-undocumented-instructions] [-Wnud]
	 [ -ignore-unportable-instructions] [-Wnup]
	 [ -warn-undocumented-instructions] [-Wud]
	 [ -warn-unportable-instructions] [-Wup]
	 [ -forbid-undocumented-instructions] [-Fud]
	 [ -forbid-unportable-instructions] [-Fup]

       Target Xtensa options:
	[--[no-]text-section-literals] [--[no-]absolute-literals]
	[--[no-]target-align] [--[no-]longcalls]
	[--[no-]transform]
	[--rename-section oldname=newname]

DESCRIPTION
       GNU as is really a family of assemblers.  If you use (or have used) the
       GNU  assembler  on  one	architecture, you should find a fairly similar
       environment when you use it on another architecture.  Each version  has
       much  in  common  with  the others, including object file formats, most
       assembler directives (often called pseudo-ops) and assembler syntax.

       as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU  C  compiler
       "gcc" for use by the linker "ld".  Nevertheless, weve tried to make as
       assemble correctly  everything  that  other  assemblers	for  the  same
       machine	would  assemble.   Any	exceptions  are documented explicitly.
       This doesnt mean as always uses the same syntax as  another  assembler
       for the same architecture; for example, we know of several incompatible
       versions of 680x0 assembly language syntax.

       Each time you run as it assembles  exactly  one	source	program.   The
       source program is made up of one or more files.	(The standard input is
       also a file.)

       You give as a command line that has zero or more input file names.  The
       input  files  are  read (from left file name to right).	A command line
       argument (in any position) that has no special meaning is taken	to  be
       an input file name.

       If  you	give  as no file names it attempts to read one input file from
       the as standard input, which is normally your terminal.	You  may  have
       to type ctl-D to tell as there is no more program to assemble.

       Use  --	if you need to explicitly name the standard input file in your
       command line.

       If the source is empty, as produces a small, empty object file.

       as may write warnings and error messages to  the  standard  error  file
       (usually  your terminal).  This should not happen when  a compiler runs
       as automatically.  Warnings report an assumption made so that as  could
       keep  assembling  a  flawed program; errors report a grave problem that
       stops the assembly.

       If you are invoking as via the GNU C compiler,  you  can  use  the  -Wa
       option to pass arguments through to the assembler.  The assembler argu
       ments must be separated from each other (and the -Wa) by  commas.   For
       example:

	       gcc -c -g -O -Wa,-alh,-L file.c

       This passes two options to the assembler: -alh (emit a listing to stan
       dard output with high-level and assembly source) and -L	(retain  local
       symbols in the symbol table).

       Usually	you do not need to use this -Wa mechanism, since many compiler
       command-line options are automatically passed to the assembler  by  the
       compiler.   (You can call the GNU compiler driver with the -v option to
       see precisely what options it passes to each compilation pass,  includ
       ing the assembler.)

OPTIONS
       @file
	   Read command-line options from file.  The options read are inserted
	   in place of the original @file option.  If file does not exist,  or
	   cannot  be read, then the option will be treated literally, and not
	   removed.

	   Options in file are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace  charac
	   ter	may  be included in an option by surrounding the entire option
	   in either single or double  quotes.	 Any  character  (including  a
	   backslash)  may  be	included  by  prefixing  the  character  to be
	   included with a backslash.  The file may itself contain  additional
	   @file options; any such options will be processed recursively.

       -a[cdhlmns]
	   Turn on listings, in any of a variety of ways:

	   -ac omit false conditionals

	   -ad omit debugging directives

	   -ah include high-level source

	   -al include assembly

	   -am include macro expansions

	   -an omit forms processing

	   -as include symbols

	   =file
	       set the name of the listing file

	   You	may  combine these options; for example, use -aln for assembly
	   listing without forms processing.  The =file option, if used,  must
	   be the last one.  By itself, -a defaults to -ahls.

       --alternate
	   Begin in alternate macro mode, see Altmacro,,".altmacro".

       -D  Ignored.   This  option  is	accepted for script compatibility with
	   calls to other assemblers.

       --defsym sym=value
	   Define the symbol sym to be value before assembling the input file.
	   value must be an integer constant.  As in C, a leading 0x indicates
	   a hexadecimal value, and a leading 0 indicates an octal value.

       -f  "fast"---skip whitespace and comment preprocessing  (assume	source
	   is compiler output).

       -g
       --gen-debug
	   Generate debugging information for each assembler source line using
	   whichever debug format is preferred by the target.  This  currently
	   means either STABS, ECOFF or DWARF2.

       --gstabs
	   Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line.  This
	   may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can handle it.

       --gstabs+
	   Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line,  with
	   GNU	extensions  that  probably only gdb can handle, and that could
	   make other debuggers crash or refuse to read  your  program.   This
	   may	help  debugging assembler code.  Currently the only GNU exten
	   sion is the location of the current working directory at assembling
	   time.

       --gdwarf-2
	   Generate  DWARF2  debugging	information  for  each assembler line.
	   This may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can	handle
	   it.	 Note---this option is only supported by some targets, not all
	   of them.

       --help
	   Print a summary of the command line options and exit.

       --target-help
	   Print a summary of all target specific options and exit.

       -I dir
	   Add directory dir to the search list for ".include" directives.

       -J  Dont warn about signed overflow.

       -K  Issue warnings when difference tables altered  for  long  displace
	   ments.

       -L
       --keep-locals
	   Keep  (in  the  symbol  table) local symbols.  On traditional a.out
	   systems these start with L, but different  systems  have  different
	   local label prefixes.

       --listing-lhs-width=number
	   Set	the  maximum width, in words, of the output data column for an
	   assembler listing to number.

       --listing-lhs-width2=number
	   Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data column for con
	   tinuation lines in an assembler listing to number.

       --listing-rhs-width=number
	   Set	the  maximum  width of an input source line, as displayed in a
	   listing, to number bytes.

       --listing-cont-lines=number
	   Set the maximum number of lines printed in a listing for  a	single
	   line of input to number + 1.

       -o objfile
	   Name the object-file output from as objfile.

       -R  Fold the data section into the text section.

	   Set	the  default size of GASs hash tables to a prime number close
	   to number.  Increasing this value can reduce the length of time  it
	   takes  the  assembler  to  perform  its  tasks,  at	the expense of
	   increasing the assemblers memory requirements.  Similarly reducing
	   this  value	can  reduce  the memory requirements at the expense of
	   speed.

       --reduce-memory-overheads
	   This option reduces GASs memory requirements, at  the  expense  of
	   making  the	assembly processes slower.  Currently this switch is a
	   synonym for --hash-size=4051, but in the future it may  have  other
	   effects as well.

       --statistics
	   Print the maximum space (in bytes) and total time (in seconds) used
	   by assembly.

       --strip-local-absolute
	   Remove local absolute symbols from the outgoing symbol table.

       -v
       -version
	   Print the as version.

       --version
	   Print the as version and exit.

       -W
       --no-warn
	   Suppress warning messages.

       --fatal-warnings
	   Treat warnings as errors.

       --warn
	   Dont suppress warning messages or treat them as errors.

       -w  Ignored.

       -x  Ignored.

       -Z  Generate an object file even after errors.

       -- | files ...
	   Standard input, or source files to assemble.

       The following options are available when as is configured  for  an  ARC
       processor.

       -marc[5|6|7|8]
	   This option selects the core processor variant.

       -EB | -EL
	   Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) output.

       The  following  options are available when as is configured for the ARM
       processor family.

       -mcpu=processor[+extension...]
	   Specify which ARM processor variant is the target.

       -march=architecture[+extension...]
	   Specify which ARM architecture variant is used by the target.

       -mfpu=floating-point-format
	   Select which Floating Point architecture is the target.

       -mfloat-abi=abi
	   Select which floating point ABI is in use.

       -mthumb
	   Enable Thumb only instruction decoding.

       -mapcs-32 | -mapcs-26 | -mapcs-float | -mapcs-reentrant
	   Select which procedure calling convention is in use.

       -EB | -EL
	   Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) output.

       -mthumb-interwork
	   Specify that the code has been generated with interworking  between
	   Thumb and ARM code in mind.

       -k  Specify that PIC code has been generated.

       See the info pages for documentation of the CRIS-specific options.

       The  following  options	are available when as is configured for a D10V
       processor.

       -O  Optimize output by parallelizing instructions.

       The following options are available when as is configured  for  a  D30V
       processor.

       -O  Optimize output by parallelizing instructions.

       -n  Warn when nops are generated.

       -N  Warn when a nop after a 32-bit multiply instruction is generated.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the Intel
       80960 processor.

       -ACA | -ACA_A | -ACB | -ACC | -AKA | -AKB | -AKC | -AMC
	   Specify which variant of the 960 architecture is the target.

       -b  Add code to collect statistics about branches taken.

       -no-relax
	   Do not alter compare-and-branch  instructions  for  long  displace
	   ments; error if necessary.

       The  following options are available when as is configured for the Ubi
       com IP2K series.

       -mip2022ext
	   Specifies that the extended IP2022 instructions are allowed.

       -mip2022
	   Restores the  default  behaviour,  which  restricts	the  permitted
	   instructions to just the basic IP2022 ones.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the Rene
       sas M32C and M16C processors.

       -m32c
	   Assemble M32C instructions.

       -m16c
	   Assemble M16C instructions (the default).

       The following options are available when as is configured for the Rene
       sas M32R (formerly Mitsubishi M32R) series.

       --m32rx
	   Specify  which  processor  in  the  M32R family is the target.  The
	   default is normally the M32R, but this option  changes  it  to  the
	   M32RX.

       --warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or --Wp
	   Produce  warning messages when questionable parallel constructs are
	   encountered.

       --no-warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or --Wnp
	   Do not produce warning messages  when  questionable	parallel  con
	   structs are encountered.

       The  following  options	are  available	when  as is configured for the
       Motorola 68000 series.

       -l  Shorten references to undefined symbols, to	one  word  instead  of
	   two.

       -m68000 | -m68008 | -m68010 | -m68020 | -m68030
       | -m68040 | -m68060 | -m68302 | -m68331 | -m68332
       | -m68333 | -m68340 | -mcpu32 | -m5200
	   Specify  what  processor  in  the  68000 family is the target.  The
	   default is normally the 68020, but this can be changed at  configu
	   ration time.

       -m68881 | -m68882 | -mno-68881 | -mno-68882
	   The	target machine does (or does not) have a floating-point copro
	   cessor.  The default is to assume a coprocessor for	68020,	68030,
	   and	cpu32.	 Although  the	basic 68000 is not compatible with the
	   68881, a combination of the two can be specified, since its possi
	   ble	to  do emulation of the coprocessor instructions with the main
	   processor.

       -m68851 | -mno-68851
	   The target machine does (or does not) have a memory-management unit
	   coprocessor.  The default is to assume an MMU for 68020 and up.

       For  details  about  the PDP-11 machine dependent features options, see
       PDP-11-Options.

       -mpic | -mno-pic
	   Generate position-independent (or  position-dependent)  code.   The
	   default is -mpic.

       -mall
       -mall-extensions
	   Enable all instruction set extensions.  This is the default.

       -mno-extensions
	   Disable all instruction set extensions.

       -mextension | -mno-extension
	   Enable (or disable) a particular instruction set extension.

       -mcpu
	   Enable  the	instruction  set  extensions supported by a particular
	   CPU, and disable all other extensions.

       -mmachine
	   Enable the instruction set extensions  supported  by  a  particular
	   machine model, and disable all other extensions.

       The  following  options are available when as is configured for a pico
       Java processor.

       -mb Generate "big endian" format output.

       -ml Generate "little endian" format output.

       The following options are available  when  as  is  configured  for  the
       Motorola 68HC11 or 68HC12 series.

       -m68hc11 | -m68hc12 | -m68hcs12
	   Specify  what  processor  is the target.  The default is defined by
	   the configuration option when building the assembler.

       -mshort
	   Specify to use the 16-bit integer ABI.

       -mlong
	   Specify to use the 32-bit integer ABI.

       -mshort-double
	   Specify to use the 32-bit double ABI.

       -mlong-double
	   Specify to use the 64-bit double ABI.

       --force-long-branchs
	   Relative branches are turned into absolute ones. This concerns con
	   ditional  branches,	unconditional  branches  and branches to a sub
	   routine.

       -S | --short-branchs
	   Do not turn relative branchs into absolute ones when the offset  is
	   out of range.

       --strict-direct-mode
	   Do  not  turn  the  direct addressing mode into extended addressing
	   mode when the instruction does not support direct addressing  mode.

       --print-insn-syntax
	   Print the syntax of instruction in case of error.

       --print-opcodes
	   print the list of instructions with syntax and then exit.

       --generate-example
	   print  an  example of instruction for each possible instruction and
	   then exit.  This option is only useful for testing as.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the SPARC
       architecture:

       -Av6 | -Av7 | -Av8 | -Asparclet | -Asparclite
       -Av8plus | -Av8plusa | -Av9 | -Av9a
	   Explicitly select a variant of the SPARC architecture.

	   -Av8plus and -Av8plusa select a 32 bit environment.	-Av9 and -Av9a
	   select a 64 bit environment.

	   -Av8plusa and -Av9a enable the SPARC V9 instruction set with Ultra
	   SPARC extensions.

       -xarch=v8plus | -xarch=v8plusa
	   For compatibility with the Solaris v9 assembler.  These options are
	   equivalent to -Av8plus and -Av8plusa, respectively.

       -bump
	   Warn when the assembler switches to another architecture.

       The following options are available when as is configured for the c54x
       architecture.

       -mfar-mode
	   Enable  extended  addressing  mode.	 All addresses and relocations
	   will assume extended addressing (usually 23 bits).

       -mcpu=CPU_VERSION
	   Sets the CPU version being compiled for.

       -merrors-to-file FILENAME
	   Redirect error output to a file, for  broken  systems  which  dont
	   support such behaviour in the shell.

       The  following  options	are available when as is configured for a MIPS
       processor.

       -G num
	   This option sets the largest size of an object that can  be	refer
	   enced  implicitly  with the "gp" register.  It is only accepted for
	   targets that use ECOFF format, such as a DECstation running Ultrix.
	   The default value is 8.

       -EB Generate "big endian" format output.

       -EL Generate "little endian" format output.

       -mips1
       -mips2
       -mips3
       -mips4
       -mips5
       -mips32
       -mips32r2
       -mips64
       -mips64r2
	   Generate  code  for	a particular MIPS Instruction Set Architecture
	   level.  -mips1 is an alias for -march=r3000, -mips2 is an alias for
	   -march=r6000,  -mips3 is an alias for -march=r4000 and -mips4 is an
	   alias for -march=r8000.  -mips5, -mips32, -mips32r2,  -mips64,  and
	   -mips64r2  correspond  to generic MIPS V, MIPS32, MIPS32 Release 2,
	   MIPS64, and MIPS64 Release 2 ISA processors, respectively.

       -march=CPU
	   Generate code for a particular MIPS cpu.

       -mtune=cpu
	   Schedule and tune for a particular MIPS cpu.

       -mfix7000
       -mno-fix7000
	   Cause nops to be inserted if the read of the  destination  register
	   of an mfhi or mflo instruction occurs in the following two instruc
	   tions.

       -mdebug
       -no-mdebug
	   Cause stabs-style debugging output to go into an ECOFF-style  .mde
	   bug section instead of the standard ELF .stabs sections.

       -mpdr
       -mno-pdr
	   Control generation of ".pdr" sections.

       -mgp32
       -mfp32
	   The	register sizes are normally inferred from the ISA and ABI, but
	   these flags force a certain group of registers to be treated as  32
	   bits  wide  at all times.  -mgp32 controls the size of general-pur
	   pose registers and -mfp32 controls the size of floating-point  reg
	   isters.

       -mips16
       -no-mips16
	   Generate  code  for	the  MIPS 16 processor.  This is equivalent to
	   putting  ".set  mips16"  at	the  start  of	the   assembly	 file.
	   -no-mips16 turns off this option.

       -mips3d
       -no-mips3d
	   Generate code for the MIPS-3D Application Specific Extension.  This
	   tells the assembler to  accept  MIPS-3D  instructions.   -no-mips3d
	   turns off this option.

       -mdmx
       -no-mdmx
	   Generate  code  for	the MDMX Application Specific Extension.  This
	   tells the assembler to accept MDMX  instructions.   -no-mdmx  turns
	   off this option.

       -mdsp
       -mno-dsp
	   Generate  code  for	the  DSP Application Specific Extension.  This
	   tells the assembler to accept DSP instructions.  -mno-dsp turns off
	   this option.

       -mmt
       -mno-mt
	   Generate  code  for	the  MT  Application Specific Extension.  This
	   tells the assembler to accept MT instructions.  -mno-mt  turns  off
	   this option.

       --construct-floats
       --no-construct-floats
	   The	--no-construct-floats option disables the construction of dou
	   ble width floating point constants by loading the two halves of the
	   value  into the two single width floating point registers that make
	   up the double width register.   By  default	--construct-floats  is
	   selected,  allowing construction of these floating point constants.

       --emulation=name
	   This option causes as to emulate as configured for some other  tar
	   get, in all respects, including output format (choosing between ELF
	   and ECOFF only), handling  of  pseudo-opcodes  which  may  generate
	   debugging  information  or  store  symbol  table  information,  and
	   default endianness.	The available configuration names are: mipsec
	   off,  mipself,  mipslecoff,	mipsbecoff,  mipslelf,	mipsbelf.  The
	   first two do not alter the default endianness from that of the pri
	   mary  target  for  which  the  assembler was configured; the others
	   change the default to little- or big-endian as indicated by	the  b
	   or  l  in  the name.  Using -EB or -EL will override the endianness
	   selection in any case.

	   This option is currently supported only when the primary target  as
	   is  configured for is a MIPS ELF or ECOFF target.  Furthermore, the
	   primary target or others  specified	with  --enable-targets=...  at
	   configuration  time	must  include support for the other format, if
	   both are to be available.  For example, the	Irix  5  configuration
	   includes support for both.

	   Eventually, this option will support more configurations, with more
	   fine-grained control over the assemblers  behavior,	and  will  be
	   supported for more processors.

       -nocpp
	   as  ignores this option.  It is accepted for compatibility with the
	   native tools.

       --trap
       --no-trap
       --break
       --no-break
	   Control how to deal with multiplication overflow  and  division  by
	   zero.  --trap or --no-break (which are synonyms) take a trap excep
	   tion (and only work for Instruction Set Architecture  level	2  and
	   higher); --break or --no-trap (also synonyms, and the default) take
	   a break exception.

       -n  When this option is used, as will issue a  warning  every  time  it
	   generates a nop instruction from a macro.

       The  following options are available when as is configured for an MCore
       processor.

       -jsri2bsr
       -nojsri2bsr
	   Enable or disable the JSRI to BSR transformation.  By default  this
	   is  enabled.   The  command	line option -nojsri2bsr can be used to
	   disable it.

       -sifilter
       -nosifilter
	   Enable or disable the silicon filter behaviour.  By default this is
	   disabled.   The  default can be overridden by the -sifilter command
	   line option.

       -relax
	   Alter jump instructions for long displacements.

       -mcpu=[210|340]
	   Select the cpu type on the target hardware.	 This  controls  which
	   instructions can be assembled.

       -EB Assemble for a big endian target.

       -EL Assemble for a little endian target.

       See the info pages for documentation of the MMIX-specific options.

       The following options are available when as is configured for an Xtensa
       processor.

       --text-section-literals | --no-text-section-literals
	   With --text-section-literals, literal pools are interspersed in the
	   text  section.   The  default  is --no-text-section-literals, which
	   places literals in a separate section in the  output  file.	 These
	   options  only  affect  literals  referenced	via PC-relative "L32R"
	   instructions; literals for absolute mode  "L32R"  instructions  are
	   handled separately.

       --absolute-literals | --no-absolute-literals
	   Indicate  to the assembler whether "L32R" instructions use absolute
	   or PC-relative addressing.	The  default  is  to  assume  absolute
	   addressing  if  the	Xtensa	processor includes the absolute "L32R"
	   addressing option.  Otherwise, only the PC-relative "L32R" mode can
	   be used.

       --target-align | --no-target-align
	   Enable or disable automatic alignment to reduce branch penalties at
	   the expense of some code density.  The default is --target-align.

       --longcalls | --no-longcalls
	   Enable or disable transformation  of  call  instructions  to  allow
	   calls  across  a  greater  range  of  addresses.   The  default  is
	   --no-longcalls.

       --transform | --no-transform
	   Enable or disable all assembler transformations of Xtensa  instruc
	   tions.   The  default is --transform; --no-transform should be used
	   only in the rare cases when the instructions  must  be  exactly  as
	   specified in the assembly source.

       The  following  options	are  available when as is configured for a Z80
       family processor.

       -z80
	   Assemble for Z80 processor.

       -r800
	   Assemble for R800 processor.

       -ignore-undocumented-instructions
       -Wnud
	   Assemble undocumented Z80 instructions that also work on R800 with
	   out warning.

       -ignore-unportable-instructions
       -Wnup
	   Assemble all undocumented Z80 instructions without warning.

       -warn-undocumented-instructions
       -Wud
	   Issue a warning for undocumented Z80 instructions that also work on
	   R800.

       -warn-unportable-instructions
       -Wup
	   Issue a warning for undocumented Z80 instructions that  do  notwork
	   on R800.

       -forbid-undocumented-instructions
       -Fud
	   Treat all undocumented instructions as errors.

       -forbid-unportable-instructions
       -Fup
	   Treat  undocumented	Z80  intructions  that	do  notwork on R800 as
	   errors.

SEE ALSO
       gcc(1), ld(1), and the Info entries for binutils and ld.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99,  2000,  2001,  2002
       Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission  is  granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version  1.1  or
       any  later  version  published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
       Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with	no  Back-Cover
       Texts.	A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
       Free Documentation License".



binutils-2.17			  2006-06-23				 AS(1)




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